Once I use a phrase . . . . The Lelamour Natural

The Lelamour Natural doesn’t appear to be significantly well-known, exterior of students within the discipline, in contrast with different herbals, reminiscent of these of Pedanius Dioscorides (1st century), Apuleius Platonicus (4th century), Rembert Dodoens (1554), John Gerard (1597), Gaspard Bauhin (1623), John Parkinson (1640), and William Salmon (1710). That will partially be as a result of it’s not illustrated. It isn’t talked about, for instance in Blunt and Raphael’s complete survey of illustrated herbals.9
Even permitting for the inaccuracy of the idea that the entire textual content was compiled in 1373, Lelamour’s lexicographical significance is evident. For instance, though Parkinson’s Theatrum Botanicum is cited 338 instances within the OED, it’s cited in earliest quotations solely 29 instances (8.6%). The corresponding figures for Gerard’s well-known Herball are 1230 and 215 (17%), and for Salmon’s Botanologia 51 and a pair of (3.9%). Mrs Grieve’s Fashionable Natural (1931) weighs in with no earliest citations out of 96 in all.
Publication of Lelamour’s authentic manuscript, held within the British Library, is lengthy overdue. This yr, the 650th anniversary of its personal claimed compilation, affords alternative.
Entries within the OED that credit score Lelamour with the primary use, assuming a date of 1373
● abortive: an aborted fetus; a stillborn baby or animal
● ethereal: of or belonging to the air, esp. as distinguished from the earth, water, and so on.; residing or positioned within the air
● angerly: violently, savagely, fiercely
● astrologia: any of a number of medicinal herbs of the genus Aristolochia, previously used to facilitate childbirth (additionally referred to as birthwort)
● blue-purple
● bollock stone: a testicle
● cake: a mass or portion of meals, normally fashioned right into a rounded, flattened form, and often cooked on each side
● cardiac: a medicinal plant (not recognized; maybe garlic mustard, Alliaria petiolata, hedge mustard, Sisymbrium officinale, or motherwort, Leonurus cardiaca)
● cardiaca and cardiacle: a dysfunction characterised by signs attributed to the center, esp. palpitations [sic] and syncope
● chickweed: any of a number of, sometimes comparatively broad-leaved, vegetation of the genus Stellaria (household Caryophyllaceae)
● chilly: as a depend noun: an occasion of such illness
● costmary: a perennial fragrant herb, Tanacetum balsamita (household Asteraceae (Compositae)) …
● canine fennel: initially: the stinking chamomile, Anthemis cotula (household Asteraceae (Compositae))
● engendure: the motion of begetting or producing; procreation; manufacturing; creation. Additionally: offspring
● feminine: a feminine plant or flower
● germander: any of the vegetation constituting the genus Teucrium (household Lamiaceae (Labiatae))
● inexperienced sauce: a sauce of a inexperienced color produced from herbs, esp. sorrel, with vinegar and sugar, and eaten with meat
● hardbound: affected by constipation
● hasty unexpectedly; shortly, quickly
● heartwort: a small, blue-flowered herbaceous plant, maybe a sort of bugle (Ajuga species) or self-heal (Prunella vulgaris)
● hypochondrium: in a human or different vertebrate: both of the 2 areas of the higher stomach positioned beneath the ribs on both aspect of the epigastrium
● knob: a small rounded lump, bump, or protuberance on the floor of one thing; a rounded or spherical projection on the finish of an object
● langue de boeuf: any of varied vegetation, mainly of the household Boraginaceae, having tough, tongue-shaped leaves, as viper’s bugloss, Echium vulgare, borage, Borago officinalis, and (esp. in later use) ox-tongue, Picris echiodes (now included within the household Asteraceae (Compositae))
● lesser: within the names of vegetation and animals distinguished by having a smaller dimension than one other of the identical title
● lock: to hitch (two or extra issues) by interlocking or by becoming of components firmly collectively
● [to] make urine
● marigold: a plant of the genus Calendula (household Asteraceae (Compositae)) with golden or brilliant yellow flowers; esp. C. officinalis
● mater: the womb
● Could-butter: unsalted butter preserved within the month of Could and typically used medicinally
● migraine: a extreme headache which characteristically impacts just one aspect of the top and is usually preceded or accompanied by visible or different neurological disturbances and is related to nausea and vomiting
● mise: a crumb, a breadcrumb
● morel: any of a number of sorts of nightshade with black or deep purple berries; esp. black nightshade, Solanum nigrum
● mullein [leaf]: any of varied vegetation of the genus Verbascum (household Scrophulariaceae)
● nephritic: maybe: a illness of the kidneys [and precedes other confirmed meanings]
● nose-holl: nostril
● nut: a nutmeg
● oak fern: any of a number of ferns usually discovered on or amongst bushes, partitions, and so on., together with sure spleenworts; spec. (amongst herbalists) widespread polypody, Polypodium vulgare agg., which was presupposed to be particularly efficient as a treatment when rising on the oak
● oat-malt: malt ready from oats
● origanum: any of the perennial herbs and subshrubs constituting the Eurasian genus Origanum (household Lamiaceae (Labiatae)), esp. wild marjoram or oregano, O. vulgare
● osmund: the royal fern, Osmunda regalis; (additionally) any fern of the genus Osmunda. In early use additionally: any of a number of different ferns, esp. the male fern, Dryopteris filix-mas
● ox-tongue: any of a number of vegetation of the genus Picris (household Asteraceae (Compositae)), allied to the hawkweeds, that are lined with hooked bristles and have yellow flowers
● painter’s oil: a pale, flammable drying oil utilized by artists, spec. linseed oil
● papwort: a medicinal herb, maybe annual mercury, Mercurialis annua (household Euphorbiaceae)
● park leaves: the plant tutsan, Hypericum androsaemum (household Clusiaceae (Guttiferae)), a large-leaved shrubby species of St John’s wort
● paunch: a big or protruding stomach, normally that of a person
● pelleter of Spain: (a) white hellebore, Veratrum album, or black hellebore, Helleborus niger (uncommon); (b) pellitory of Spain, Anacyclus pyrethrum [and precedes other meanings of pelleter]
● petty morel: black nightshade, Solanum nigrum
● pimpernel: a small trailing plant, Anagallis arvensis (household Primulaceae), native to Europe however extensively distributed elsewhere, which is commonly discovered as a weed of cornfields and waste floor and has clean ovate leaves and normally brilliant scarlet, pink, blue, or white flowers which shut in cloudy or wet climate (therefore its regional names poor man’s weatherglass, shepherd’s glass, and so on.); spec. one with purple flowers [and precedes other meanings of pimpernel]
● pip: mainly humorous. Sickness or malaise in people. Normally with the
● podagry: gout [and related meanings]
● (by) even portion: in equal shares or quantities
● portulac: purslane, Portulaca oleracea; (additionally) a purslane plant
● primrose: an early-flowering European primula, Primula vulgaris, present in woods, hedges, and so on
● privity: the genitals, the personal components
● puliol: both of two fragrant herbs of the household Lamiaceae (Labiatae), pennyroyal, Mentha pulegium, and wild thyme, Thymus serpyllum
● purge: to behave as a purgative; spec. to trigger emptying of the bowels
● fast: (of a spot or time): stuffed with exercise; busy
● fast: the extremely delicate space of a finger or toe lined by the nail plate
● rack: one thing which causes acute bodily or psychological struggling
● obtain: to absorb by the mouth; to swallow
● purple henbane: (most likely) a wide range of henbane (genus Hyosycamus), with purple seeds or flowers
● rising: a swelling or tumour; esp. a boil, an abscess
● Roman: derived or descended from Latin
● room: to clear (a bodily cavity) of obstruction or constriction
● root stem: any stem-like root or rootlike stem, as an aerial root, caudex, rhizome, and so on
● rosemary: an evergreen fragrant shrub, Rosmarinus officinalis (household Lamiaceae (Labiatae))
● spherical aristolochia: spherical birthwort
● rubble: to crush to items, to smash; to destroy
● standelwelks and standenguss: any of a number of European orchids; esp. the early purple orchid, Orchis mascula
● subjugation: suffumkgation (using a medication to supply a therapeutic impact by penetration of the physique)
● swine’s fennel: hog’s fennel, Peucedanum officinale
● swinecrress: knotgrass, Polygonum aviculare (which is enticing to pigs as meals)
● unremoved: not bodily moved from a spot or place; not taken away, lifted off, or displaced
● violent: of a poison, medication, chemical reagent, and so on.: having a robust, drastic, or extremely injurious impact; noxious, virulent
● well-known: extensively or usually identified; (of an individual) well-known
● worthy: esp. of a medication, therapy, and so on.: efficient, efficacious; potent